Surgical stapling apparatus comprising a tissue stop

ABSTRACT

A surgical stapling apparatus is disclosed. The surgical stapling apparatus comprises a cartridge body. The cartridge body comprises a deck comprising a tissue-supporting surface, a slot defined in the deck, and a plurality of staple cavities. The slot extends from a proximal end toward a distal end. The surgical stapling apparatus further comprises a plurality of staples removably stored in the staple cavities and a tissue stop positioned in the slot. The tissue stop comprises a detent releasably engaged with the cartridge body. The detent is configured to release from the cartridge body to permit the tissue stop to move from an undisplaced position to a displaced position.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates to stapling instruments and, in various embodiments, to a surgical stapling instrument for producing one or more rows of staples.

A stapling instrument can include a pair of cooperating elongate jaw members, wherein each jaw member can be adapted to be inserted into a patient and positioned relative to tissue that is to be stapled and/or incised. In various embodiments, one of the jaw members can support a staple cartridge with at least two laterally spaced rows of staples contained therein, and the other jaw member can support an anvil with staple-forming pockets aligned with the rows of staples in the staple cartridge. Generally, the stapling instrument can further include a pusher bar and a knife blade which are slidable relative to the jaw members to sequentially eject the staples from the staple cartridge via camming surfaces on the pusher bar and/or camming surfaces on a wedge sled that is pushed by the pusher bar. In at least one embodiment, the camming surfaces can be configured to activate a plurality of staple drivers carried by the cartridge and associated with the staples in order to push the staples against the anvil and form laterally spaced rows of deformed staples in the tissue gripped between the jaw members. In at least one embodiment, the knife blade can trail the camming surfaces and cut the tissue along a line between the staple rows. Examples of such stapling instruments are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,794,475, entitled SURGICAL STAPLES HAVING COMPRESSIBLE OR CRUSHABLE MEMBERS FOR SECURING TISSUE THEREIN AND STAPLING INSTRUMENTS FOR DEPLOYING THE SAME, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.

The foregoing discussion is intended only to illustrate various aspects of the related art in the field of the invention at the time, and should not be taken as a disavowal of claim scope.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various features of the embodiments described herein are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The various embodiments, however, both as to organization and methods of operation, together with advantages thereof, may be understood in accordance with the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an end effector of a surgical stapling instrument illustrating an anvil of the end effector in a closed position relative to a staple cartridge;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the end effector of FIG. 1 with portions removed for the purposes of illustration and, in addition, a firing member;

FIG. 3 is a detail view of a distal end of the staple cartridge of FIG. 1 illustrating the firing member of FIG. 2 positioned within a longitudinal slot defined in the staple cartridge;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a tissue stop positioned in the longitudinal slot of the staple cartridge of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view of the end effector of FIG. 1 illustrating the firing member of FIG. 2 in a fully-fired position;

FIG. 6 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the end effector of FIG. 1 taken along line 6-6 in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a detail view of the interface between the tissue stop of FIG. 4 and the staple cartridge of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of a staple cartridge;

FIG. 9 is a schematic depicting the staple cartridge of FIG. 1 being utilized to staple and transect the gastrointestinal tract of a patient at a first location and the staple cartridge of FIG. 8 being utilized to staple and transect the gastrointestinal tract of the patient at a second location which divides the patient's gastrointestinal tract into an upper portion, a transected portion, and a lower portion during a surgical technique;

FIG. 10 is a schematic depicting another step of the surgical technique depicted in FIG. 9 wherein an anvil of a circular staple is positioned in the upper portion of the gastrointestinal tract and a shaft of the circular stapler positioned in the lower portion of the gastrointestinal tract;

FIG. 11 is a schematic depicting another step of the surgical technique depicted in FIG. 9 wherein the upper portion and the lower portion of the patient's gastrointestinal tract are compressed between the anvil and the shaft of the circular stapler of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a schematic depicting staples deployed from the shaft of the circular stapler of FIG. 10 to fasten the upper portion and the lower portion of the patient's gastrointestinal tract and form an anastomosis therebetween;

FIG. 13 is a transverse cross-sectional view of an end effector in accordance with at least one alternative embodiment comprising a rotatable shaft configured to drive a staple-firing sled within the end effector;

FIG. 14 is a schematic illustrating a surgical stapling apparatus being utilized to grasp tissue; and

FIG. 15 is a schematic illustrating tissue that has been pulled onto a deck surface of the surgical stapling apparatus.

Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. The exemplifications set out herein illustrate various embodiments of the invention, in one form, and such exemplifications are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any manner.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the overall structure, function, manufacture, and use of the embodiments as described in the specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It will be understood by those skilled in the art, however, that the embodiments may be practiced without such specific details. In other instances, well-known operations, components, and elements have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the embodiments described in the specification. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the embodiments described and illustrated herein are non-limiting examples, and thus it can be appreciated that the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein may be representative and illustrative. Variations and changes thereto may be made without departing from the scope of the claims.

The terms “comprise” (and any form of comprise, such as “comprises” and “comprising”), “have” (and any form of have, such as “has” and “having”), “include” (and any form of include, such as “includes” and “including”) and “contain” (and any form of contain, such as “contains” and “containing”) are open-ended linking verbs. As a result, a surgical system, device, or apparatus that “comprises,” “has,” “includes” or “contains” one or more elements possesses those one or more elements, but is not limited to possessing only those one or more elements. Likewise, an element of a system, device, or apparatus that “comprises,” “has,” “includes” or “contains” one or more features possesses those one or more features, but is not limited to possessing only those one or more features.

The terms “proximal” and “distal” are used herein with reference to a clinician manipulating the handle portion of the surgical instrument. The term “proximal” referring to the portion closest to the clinician and the term “distal” referring to the portion located away from the clinician. It will be further appreciated that, for convenience and clarity, spatial terms such as “vertical”, “horizontal”, “up”, and “down” may be used herein with respect to the drawings. However, surgical instruments are used in many orientations and positions, and these terms are not intended to be limiting and/or absolute.

Various exemplary devices and methods are provided for performing laparoscopic and minimally invasive surgical procedures. However, the person of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that the various methods and devices disclosed herein can be used in numerous surgical procedures and applications including, for example, in connection with open surgical procedures. As the present Detailed Description proceeds, those of ordinary skill in the art will further appreciate that the various instruments disclosed herein can be inserted into a body in any way, such as through a natural orifice, through an incision or puncture hole formed in tissue, etc. The working portions or end effector portions of the instruments can be inserted directly into a patient's body or can be inserted through an access device that has a working channel through which the end effector and elongated shaft of a surgical instrument can be advanced.

A surgical stapling system 100 is depicted in FIGS. 1-7. Referring primarily to FIG. 1, the surgical stapling system 100 comprises a shaft 120 and an end effector 110 extending from the shaft 120. The end effector 110 comprises a first jaw 112 and a second jaw 114. The first jaw 112 comprises a staple cartridge 140. The staple cartridge 140 is insertable into and removable from the first jaw 112; however, other embodiments are envisioned in which a staple cartridge is not removable from, or at least readily replaceable from, the first jaw 112. The second jaw 114 comprises an anvil 130 configured to deform staples ejected from the staple cartridge 140. The second jaw 114 is pivotable relative to the first jaw 112 about a closure axis 131; however, other embodiments are envisioned in which first jaw 112 is pivotable relative to the second jaw 114. The surgical stapling system 100 further comprises an articulation joint 150 configured to permit the end effector 110 to be rotated, or articulated, relative to the shaft 120. The end effector 110 is rotatable about an articulation axis 151 extending through the articulation joint 150. The articulation axis 151 is orthogonal to a longitudinal axis 121 of the shaft 120 and a longitudinal axis 111 of the end effector 110.

Referring primarily to FIG. 2, the staple cartridge 140 comprises a cartridge body 142. The cartridge body 142 includes a proximal end 148, a distal end 149, and a deck 141 extending between the proximal end 148 and the distal end 149. In use, the staple cartridge 140 is positioned on a first side of the tissue to be stapled and the anvil 130 is positioned on a second side of the tissue. The anvil 130 is moved toward the staple cartridge 140 to compress and clamp the tissue against the deck 141. Thereafter, staples removably stored in the cartridge body 142 can be deployed into the tissue. The cartridge body 142 includes staple cavities 145 defined therein wherein staples 185 (FIG. 10) are removably stored in the staple cavities 145. The staple cavities 145 are arranged in six longitudinal rows. Three rows of staple cavities 145 are positioned on a first side of a longitudinal slot 143 and three rows of staple cavities 145 are positioned on a second side of the longitudinal slot 143. Other arrangements of staple cavities 145 and staples 185 may be possible.

Referring again to FIG. 2, the staples 185 are supported by staple drivers 180 in the cartridge body 142. The drivers 180 are movable between a first, or unfired position, and a second, or fired, position to eject the staples 185 from the staple cavities 145. The drivers 180 are retained in the cartridge body 142 by a retainer 144 which extends around the bottom of the cartridge body 142 and includes resilient members 147 configured to grip the cartridge body 142 and hold the retainer 144 to the cartridge body 142. The drivers 180 are movable between their unfired positions and their fired positions by a sled 170. The sled 170 is movable between a proximal position adjacent the proximal end 148 and a distal position adjacent the distal end 149. The sled 170 comprises a plurality of ramped surfaces 175 configured to slide under the drivers 180 and lift the drivers 180, and the staples 185 supported thereon, toward the anvil 130.

Further to the above, the sled 170 is moved distally by a firing member 160. The firing member 160 is configured to contact the sled 170 and push the sled 170 toward the distal end 149. The longitudinal slot 143 defined in the cartridge body 142 is configured to receive the firing member 160. Referring primarily to FIG. 5, the anvil 130 also includes a slot 134 configured to receive the firing member 160. The firing member 160 further comprises a first cam 162 which engages the first jaw 112 and a second cam 164 which engages the second jaw 114. As the firing member 160 is advanced distally, the first cam 162 and the second cam 164 can control the distance, or tissue gap, between the deck 141 of the staple cartridge 140 and the anvil 130. The firing member 160 also comprises a knife 163 configured to incise the tissue captured intermediate the staple cartridge 140 and the anvil 130. It is desirable for the knife 163 to be positioned at least partially proximal to the ramped surfaces 175 such that the staples 185 are ejected ahead of the knife 163.

Further to the above, the knife 163 applies a longitudinal force to the tissue as the firing member 160 is moved distally toward the distal end 149. It should be understood that, while the knife 163 transects the tissue as the firing member 160 is moved distally, the knife 163 may also push the tissue distally toward the distal end 149 of the staple cartridge 140. In various circumstances, as a result, a portion of the tissue that the surgeon intended to staple may not be stapled. As discussed in greater detail below, the surgical stapling system 100 includes a tissue stop configured to impede and/or prevent the flow of tissue out of the distal end of the surgical stapling system 100.

Referring primarily to FIGS. 3 and 4, the staple cartridge 140 includes a tissue stop 190. The tissue stop 190 is positioned in the longitudinal slot 143 defined in the cartridge body 142. More specifically, the tissue stop 190 includes a pin portion 198 positioned in a pin aperture 146 defined in the longitudinal slot 143. The pin portion 198 is closely received in the pin aperture 146. The tissue stop 190 further includes a head 192 which extends above the deck 141. In various instances, referring primarily to FIG. 6, the anvil 130 can directly contact, or abut, the head 192 of the tissue stop 190. In such instances, the tissue stop 190 can comprise an anvil stop. In some such instances, which are described in greater detail further below, the anvil 130 and the tissue stop 190 can trap tissue between the anvil 130 and the staple cartridge 140 when the anvil 130 is moved into a closed position. In other circumstances, tissue may be positioned intermediate the head 192 of the tissue stop 190 and the anvil 130. In some such circumstances, the anvil 130 can compress the tissue against the tissue stop 190 when the anvil 130 is moved into a closed position. Alternative embodiments are envisioned in which the staple cartridge is movable relative to the anvil. In such circumstances, the tissue stop can be moved toward the tissue when the surgical stapling system is closed.

As discussed above, the knife 163 can push the tissue toward the tissue stop 190 as the knife 163 transects the tissue. The tissue stop 190 can inhibit and/or prevent the longitudinal flow of the tissue. The tissue stop 190 can dam the longitudinal flow of tissue. When the firing member 160 is moved from its proximal-most position toward its distal-most position (FIG. 5), the tissue can be pushed against the tissue stop 190 wherein an internal pressure and/or structural impedance can be generated within the tissue. The tissue stop 190 can provide a backstop. The head 192 of the tissue stop 190 is longitudinally-aligned with the knife 163 such that the tissue stop 190 can stop the flow of tissue along the cutting path of the knife 163. The tissue stop 190 includes a detent 196 configured to hold the tissue stop 190 in the pin aperture 146. The detent 196 can comprise one or more annular lips extending around the tissue stop 190 which are engaged with an edge defined on the cartridge body 142, for example. The detent 196 can inhibit the tissue stop 190 from lifting out of the pin aperture 146. In various embodiments, the tissue stop 190 and the pin aperture 146 can be configured and arranged such that the tissue stop 190 does not move relative to the cartridge deck 141. Other embodiments are envisioned in which the tissue stop 190 can move relative to the cartridge deck 141.

As the firing member 160 is advanced distally toward the tissue stop 190, as discussed above, the knife 163 can approach the tissue stop 190. The tissue stop 190 comprises a slot, or catch, 194 defined therein configured to at least partially receive the knife 163. In various instances, the knife 163 can abut the head 192 of the tissue stop 190 when the firing member 160 has reached its distal-most position. When the knife 163 contacts the tissue stop 190, the tissue stop 190 can also serve as a knife stop. When the knife 163 is in contact with the tissue stop 190, the firing member 160 can be prevented from being advanced further distally. In the event that the firing member 160 is being advanced by a manually-actuated firing trigger extending from the handle of the surgical instrument, the surgeon operating the surgical instrument can sense that the firing member 160 has been fully advanced when the knife 163 contacts the tissue stop 160. At such point, the surgeon can operate the surgical instrument to retract the firing member 160. In the event that the firing member 160 is being advanced by an electric motor, a computer or processor operating the electric motor can be configured to detect a sudden increase in force experienced by the firing member 160 and/or a sudden increase in torque generated by the electric motor and, in response thereto, determine that the firing stroke of the firing member 160 has been completed and/or automatically retract the firing member 160 proximally.

The tissue stop 190 is comprised of plastic, for example; however, the tissue stop 190 can be comprised of any suitable material. When the tissue stop 190 is configured to serve as a knife stop, the tissue stop 190 can be comprised of a material that can resist, or at least substantially resist, the incising force applied thereto by the knife 163. When the knife 163 is not readily replaceable, it is desirable to fabricate the tissue stop 190 out of a material that will not damage the knife 163. The knife 163 may not be readily replaceable when the knife 163 is part of the surgical stapling instrument, and not part of the replaceable cartridge. When the knife 163 is, in fact, part of the replaceable cartridge, damage to the knife 163 from contacting the tissue stop 190 may be less of a concern as the damage to the knife 163 would not occur until the end of the firing stroke and the knife 163 would not be used to cut tissue thereafter.

In addition to or in lieu of the tissue stop 190 acting as a knife stop, referring again to FIG. 5, the distal end 149 of the cartridge body 142 can serve as a distal stop for the firing member 160. More specifically, the firing member 160 can push the sled 170 distally until it contacts an interior distal wall 172 of the distal end 149 and, at such point, the distal advancement of the firing member 160, and the sled 170, can be impeded.

In various instances, further to the above, the tissue stop 190 may not deflect or displace downwardly within the pin aperture 146. In such instances, the tissue stop 190 can withstand the downward clamping force applied thereto when the anvil 130 is moved into a closed position and, in addition, the downward compression force applied thereto when the anvil 130 is moved downwardly toward the cartridge 140 by the firing member 160. As discussed above, the firing member 160 comprises a first cam 162 configured to engage the first jaw 112 and a second cam 164 configured to engage the second jaw 114 wherein, when the firing member 160 is advanced distally, the firing member 160 can pull the anvil 130 toward the cartridge 140 and apply a compressive force to, one, the tissue captured between the anvil 130 and the cartridge 140 and, two, the tissue stop 190. The compressive force applied to the tissue stop 190 by the firing member 160 can increase as the firing member 160 is advanced distally. For instance, the firing member 160 can apply an initial compressive force to the tissue stop 190 at the beginning of the firing stroke and a maximum compressive force to the tissue stop 190 when the firing member 160 reaches the end of its firing stroke. The interaction between the detent 196 and the cartridge body 142 can be sufficient to support the tissue stop 190 in position throughout the firing stroke of the firing member 160.

In various other instances, further to the above, the tissue stop 190 may deflect and/or displace downwardly within the pin aperture 146. The tissue stop 190 can be slidably mounted in the pin aperture 146, for example. In at least one instance, the tissue stop 190 can withstand the downward clamping force applied thereto when the anvil 130 is moved into a closed position and then deflect and/or displace downwardly during the firing stroke of the firing member 160. In some instances, the tissue stop 190 can deflect and/or displace downwardly as a result of the initial compressive force applied to the tissue stop 190 at the beginning of the firing stroke of the firing member 160. In such instances, the tissue stop 190 comprises a feature which resists recessing under a load less than the load experienced during the firing stroke. In certain instances, the tissue stop 190 can deflect and/or displace downwardly as a result of the maximum compressive force applied to the tissue stop 190 at the end of the firing stroke of the firing member 160. In other instances, the tissue stop 190 can deflect and/or displace downwardly when the firing member 160 is between the beginning and the end of the firing stroke. In embodiments including the detent 196, the detent 196 can be configured to hold the tissue stop 190 in position until the compressive force applied to the tissue stop 190 exceeds a threshold force. At such point, the detent 196 can be defeated and the tissue stop 190 can move downwardly into the pin aperture 146. In various embodiments, the head 192 of the tissue stop 190 may recede entirely below the deck 141 of the cartridge 140 while, in other embodiments, the head 192 may not recede entirely below the deck 141. Even though the tissue stop 190 may give way during the firing stroke of the firing member 160, the tissue stop 190 may still perform the function of preventing and/or limiting the distal flow of the tissue before it gives way. At such point, a portion of the firing stroke, and possibly a large portion of the firing stroke, may have been completed.

In addition to or in lieu of the detent 196, a support can be positioned under the tissue stop 190 to prevent the tissue stop 190 from deflecting and/or displacing downwardly. The support can be pushed distally by the firing member 160 during the firing stroke of the firing member 160 such that the support no longer supports the tissue stop 190 and, as a result, the tissue stop 190 can give way or recess during the firing stroke of the firing member 160, as discussed above. In various instances, the support can be pushed out of the way at the end of the firing stroke of the firing member 160, for example. In other instances, the support can be pushed out of the way prior to the end of the firing stroke of the firing member 160. The support can be comprised of foam, for example. In various instances, the support can be comprised of a resilient material which can permit the tissue stop 190 to partially recess under a compressive load until the support is pushed out from underneath the tissue stop 190. In certain instances, the support can be comprised of a rigid material which does not permit the tissue stop 190 to recess, or at least substantially recess, until the support is pushed out from underneath the tissue stop 190.

The tissue stop 190 further comprises a slot 193 defined therein. The slot 193 is a clearance slot configured to receive a portion of the firing member 160 as the firing member 160 moves distally.

The head 192 of the tissue stop 190 can comprise any suitable configuration. In various instances, the head 192 can comprise a substantially cylindrical configuration, for example. In some instances, the head 192 can comprise a substantially rectangular configuration, for example. Such a rectangular shape can utilize the space in between the innermost rows of drivers and can be guided by the side walls of the cartridge slot 143. The head 192 can comprise rounded edges and/or surfaces which can reduce the pressure or stress applied to the tissue.

Referring again to the staple cartridge 140 depicted in FIG. 2, the staple cavities 145 defined in the staple cartridge 140 are arranged in three parallel rows on a first side of the longitudinal slot 143 which are parallel to the longitudinal slot 143 and three parallel rows on a second side of the longitudinal slot 143 which are also parallel to the longitudinal slot 143. On each side of the longitudinal slot 143, a first row of staple cavities 184′ is adjacent the longitudinal slot 143, a second row of staple cavities 184″ is adjacent the first row of staple cavities 184′, and a third row of staple cavities 184′″ is adjacent the second row of staple cavities 184″. The staple cavities 145 deploy an array of staples which include overlapping staples. With particular regard to the staple cavities 145 in the first row of staple cavities 184′, a gap is present between adjacent staple cavities 145 within the first row 184′; however, such gaps are laterally overlapped by staple cavities 145 in the second row of staple cavities 184″. Similarly, a gap is present between adjacent staple cavities 145 in the second row of staple cavities 184″ wherein such gaps are laterally overlapped by staple cavities 185 in the third row of staple cavities 184′″.

A staple cartridge 240 is depicted in FIG. 8. The staple cartridge 240 is similar to the staple cartridge 140 in many respects and can be used as part of the surgical stapling system 100 discussed above. When a staple cartridge 240 is used with the surgical stapling system 100, such a system can be referred to as a surgical stapling system 200 (FIG. 9). The staple cartridge 240 comprises a cartridge body 242, a deck 241 defined on the cartridge body 242, a longitudinal slot 243, a proximal end 248, and a distal end 249. The cartridge body 242 includes a plurality of first staple cavities 245 a, a plurality of second staple cavities 245 b, and a plurality of third staple cavities 245 c defined therein. The first staple cavities 245 a each include a first staple 285 a removably stored therein. The second staple cavities 245 b each include a second staple 285 b removably stored therein. The third staple cavities 245 c each include a third staple 285 c removably stored therein. The first staples 285 a are different than the second staples 285 b and the third staples 285 c. The second staples 285 b are different than the third staples 285 c. The first staples 285 a, the second staples 285 b, and the third staples 285 c define an advantageous staple pattern, as described in greater detail further below.

The staple cavities 245 a-245 c, and the staples 285 a-285 c positioned therein, are arranged in three longitudinal rows on a first side of the longitudinal slot 243 and three longitudinal rows on a second side of the longitudinal slot 243. The three longitudinal rows of staple cavities 245 a-245 c, and staples 285 a-285 c, on the second side of the longitudinal slot 243 are a mirror image of three longitudinal rows of staple cavities 245 a-245 c, and staples 285 a-285 c, on the first side of the longitudinal slot 243; however, alternative embodiments are envisioned in which the second side is not a mirror image of the first side. Referring again to FIG. 8, a first longitudinal row of staple cavities 284′ is adjacent the longitudinal slot 283, a second longitudinal row of staple cavities 284″ is adjacent the first longitudinal row of staple cavities 284′, and a third longitudinal row of staple cavities 284′″ is adjacent the second longitudinal row of staple cavities 284″. The first longitudinal row 284′, the second longitudinal row 284″, and the third longitudinal row 284′″ are parallel to each other and to the longitudinal slot 243; however, alternative embodiments are envisioned in which the first longitudinal row 284′, the second longitudinal row 284″, and/or the third longitudinal row 284′″ are not parallel to each other and/or to the longitudinal slot 243.

The first longitudinal row 284′ comprises two first staple cavities 245 a at a proximal end thereof and, in addition, two first staple cavities 245 a at a distal end thereof. A large longitudinal gap is present between the proximal first staple cavities 245 a and the distal first staple cavities 245 a in the first row 284′. This large longitudinal gap is large enough such that more than one first staple cavity 245 a could be positioned therein. Stated another way, if a pattern of first staple cavities 245 a were arranged in the first row 284′ at regular intervals, several of the first staple cavities 245 a are missing, or not present, within the large longitudinal gap. The first longitudinal row of staple cavities 284′ comprises an interruption in the pattern of staple cavities. The interruption comprises an absence of staple cavities. As a result, the first longitudinal row of staples comprises an interruption in the pattern of staples. This interruption comprises an absence of staples.

Similar to the above, the second longitudinal row 284″ comprises two first staple cavities 245 a at a proximal end thereof and, in addition, two first staple cavities 245 a at a distal end thereof. A large longitudinal gap is present between the proximal first staple cavities 245 a and the distal first staple cavities 245 a in the second row 284″. This large longitudinal gap is large enough such that more than one first staple cavity 245 a could be positioned therein. Stated another way, if a pattern of first staple cavities 245 a were arranged in the second row 284″ at regular intervals, several of the first staple cavities 245 a are missing, or not present, within the large longitudinal gap. The second longitudinal row of staple cavities 284″ comprises an interruption in the pattern of staple cavities. The interruption comprises and an absence of staple cavities. As a result, the second longitudinal row of staples comprises an interruption in the pattern of staples. This interruption comprises an absence of staples.

The third longitudinal row 284′″ comprises two second staple cavities 245 b at a proximal end thereof and, in addition, two second staple cavities 245 b at a distal end thereof. The third row 284′″ further comprises third staple cavities 245 c positioned intermediate the proximal second staple cavities 245 b and the distal second staple cavities 245 b. As illustrated in FIG. 8, the third staple cavities 245 c are longitudinally wider than the second staple cavities 245 b. The wider third staple cavities 245 c comprise a disruption in the pattern of second staple cavities 245 b in the third row 284″. The second staple cavities 245 b and the third staple cavities 245 c comprise a continuous, albeit disrupted, pattern of staple cavities. As also illustrated in FIG. 8, the third staples 285 c are longitudinally wider than the second staples 285 b. The wider third staples 285 c comprise a disruption in the pattern of second staples 285 b in the third row 284″. The second staples 285 b and the third staples 285 c comprise a continuous, albeit disrupted, pattern of staples.

Further to the above, and referring again to FIG. 8, the interruption, or longitudinal gap, in the first row of staple cavities 284′ is aligned, or at least substantially aligned, with the interruption, or longitudinal gap, in the second row of staple cavities 284″. As also illustrated in FIG. 8, the disruption in the third row of staple cavities 284′″ is aligned, or at least substantially aligned, with the interruption, or longitudinal gap, in the second row of staple cavities 284″ and the interruption, or longitudinal gap, in the first row of staple cavities 284′. The third row of staple cavities 284′″ includes staple cavities which span from the proximal end 248 to the distal end 249 of the staple cartridge 240 while the first row 284′ and the second row 284″ do not.

Referring again to FIG. 8, the first staples 285 a are comprised of wire, for example. The wire can be comprised of stainless steel and/or titanium, for example. The wire has a circular cross-section; however, alternative cross-sections may be utilized. Each first staple 285 a can comprise any suitable configuration such as, for example, a V-shaped configuration or a U-shaped configuration. A first staple 285 a comprising a V-shaped configuration can include a base, a first leg extending from a first end of the base, and a second leg extending from a second end of the base, wherein the first leg and the second leg extend in directions which are non-parallel to one another. A first staple 285 a comprising a U-shaped configuration can include a base, a first leg extending from a first end of the base, and a second leg extending from a second end of the base, wherein the first leg and the second leg extend in directions which are parallel to one another.

The second staples 285 b are comprised of wire, for example. The wire can be comprised of stainless steel and/or titanium, for example. The wire has a rectangular cross-section; however, alternative cross-sections may be utilized. Each second staple 285 b can comprise any suitable configuration such as, for example, a V-shaped configuration or a U-shaped configuration. A second staple 285 b comprising a V-shaped configuration can include a base, a first leg extending from a first end of the base, and a second leg extending from a second end of the base, wherein the first leg and the second leg extend in directions which are non-parallel to one another. A second staple 285 b comprising a U-shaped configuration can include a base, a first leg extending from a first end of the base, and a second leg extending from a second end of the base, wherein the first leg and the second leg extend in directions which are parallel to one another.

The third staples 285 c are comprised of wire, for example. The wire can be comprised of stainless steel and/or titanium, for example. The wire has a circular cross-section; however, alternative cross-sections may be utilized. Each third staple 285 c can comprise any suitable configuration such as, for example, a V-shaped configuration or a U-shaped configuration. A third staple 285 c comprising a V-shaped configuration can include a base, a first leg extending from a first end of the base, and a second leg extending from a second end of the base, wherein the first leg and the second leg extend in directions which are non-parallel to one another. A third staple 285 c comprising a U-shaped configuration can include a base, a first leg extending from a first end of the base, and a second leg extending from a second end of the base, wherein the first leg and the second leg extend in directions which are parallel to one another.

As discussed above, the third staples 285 c are longitudinally wider than the second staples 285 b. In various instances, the third staples 285 c are twice as wide, longitudinally, than the second staples 285 b, for example. The third staples 285 c can be at least twice as wide, longitudinally, than the second staples 285 b, for example. In some instances, the third staples 285 c are thrice as wide, longitudinally, than the second staples 285 b, for example. Similar to the above, the third staples 285 c are longitudinally wider than the first staples 285 a. In various instances, the third staples 285 c are twice as wide, longitudinally, than the first staples 285 a, for example. The third staples 285 c can be at least twice as wide, longitudinally, than the first staples 285 a, for example. In some instances, the third staples 285 c are thrice as wide, longitudinally, than the first staples 285 a, for example. Other embodiments are envisioned in which the first staples 285 a, the second staples 285 b, and the third staples 285 c comprise any suitable width.

The second staples 285 b are laterally wider than the third staples 285 c. In various instances, the second staples 285 b are twice as wide, laterally, than the third staples 285 c, for example. The second staples 285 b can be at least twice as wide, laterally, than the third staples 285 c, for example. In some instances, the second staples 285 b are thrice as wide, longitudinally, than the third staples 285 c, for example. Similar to the above, the second staples 285 b are laterally wider than the first staples 285 a. In various instances, the second staples 285 b are twice as wide, laterally, than the first staples 285 a, for example. The second staples 285 b can be at least twice as wide, laterally, than the first staples 285 a, for example. In some instances, the second staples 285 b are thrice as wide, laterally, than the first staples 285 a, for example. The second staples 285 b are comprised of thicker wire stock than the first staples 285 a and the third staples 285 c; however, other embodiments are envisioned in which the first staples 285 a, the second staples 285 b, and the third staples 285 c comprise any suitable thickness.

The first staples 285 a, the second staples 285 b, and the third staples 285 c have the same unformed height; however, other embodiments are envisioned in which the first staples 285 a have a different unformed height than the second staples and/or the third staples. Similarly, other embodiments are envisioned in which the second staples 285 b have a different unformed height than the third staples 285 c. The first staples 285 a, the second staples 285 b, and the third staples 285 c have the same deformed height; however, other embodiments are envisioned in which the first staples 285 a have a different deformed height than the second staples and/or the third staples. Similarly, other embodiments are envisioned in which the second staples 285 b have a different deformed height than the third staples 285 c. The disclosures of U.S. Pat. No. 7,866,528, entitled STAPLE DRIVE ASSEMBLY, which issued on Jan. 1, 2011; U.S. Pat. No. 7,726,537, entitled SURGICAL STAPLER WITH UNIVERSAL ARTICULATION AND TISSUE PRE-CLAMP, which issued on Jun. 1, 2010; U.S. Pat. No. 7,641,091, entitled STAPLE DRIVE ASSEMBLY, which issued on Jan. 5, 2010; U.S. Pat. No. 7,635,074, entitled STAPLE DRIVE ASSEMBLY, which issued on Dec. 22, 2009; and U.S. Pat. No. 7,997,469, entitled STAPLE DRIVE ASSEMBLY, which issued on Aug. 16, 2011, are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their respective entireties.

The first staples 285 a and the second staples 285 b at the proximal ends of the rows 284′, 284″, and 284′″ comprise a proximal sealing cluster configured to seal tissue positioned over the proximal end of the staple cartridge 240. The first staples 285 a and the second staples 285 b at the distal ends of the rows 284′, 284″, and 284′″ comprise a distal sealing cluster configured to seal tissue positioned over the distal end of the staple cartridge 240. A sealing cluster of staples is configured to clamp the tissue and limit the flow of fluids, such as blood, for example, therethrough. A sealing cluster can also hold or bind the tissue together. The third staples 285 c comprise a holding or binding cluster configured to hold or bind the tissue together. The holding or binding cluster may also seal the tissue; however, the hemostasis that can be achieved with only one row of staples can be limited in certain circumstances.

Referring again to FIG. 8, the staple cartridge 240 also includes a tissue stop 190 which is configured to perform the same function as the tissue stop 190 of the staple cartridge 140, which is illustrated in FIG. 2. Referring again to FIG. 2, the distal-most staple cavities 145 and, thus, the distal-most staples 185, are positioned laterally with respect to the tissue stop 190. The tissue stop 190 extends proximally with respect to the distal ends of the first staple cavity row 184′ and the third staple cavity row 184′″. Such an arrangement stops the knife 163 proximally with respect to the distal-most staples 185 such that the knife 163 does not cut beyond the distal ends of the staple lines. Similarly, referring again to FIG. 8, the distal-most staple cavities 245 a-245 c and, thus, the distal-most staples 285 a-285 c, are positioned laterally with respect to the tissue stop 190. The tissue stop extends proximally with respect to the distal end of at least one staple cavity row 284′, 284″, and 284″. Such an arrangement stops the knife 163 proximally with respect to the distal-most staples 285 a-285 c such that the knife 163 does not cut beyond the distal ends of the staple lines. In various instances, the tissue stop 190 comprises a pin that extends or reaches into the staple pattern.

Turning now to FIGS. 9-12, a surgical technique for performing a surgical anastomosis is disclosed. In various instances, an anastomosis is performed to remove a section of a patient's gastrointestinal (GI) tract. As illustrated in FIG. 9, a surgical stapling system 100 can be attached to a surgical instrument 101 and inserted laparoscopically into the patient. The anvil 130 can be opened such that the anvil 130 and the staple cartridge 140 of the stapling system 100 are positioned relative to the patient's colon C. When the anvil 130 is moved into a closed position, the anvil 130 can clamp the colon C against the staple cartridge 140. In various instances, the tissue stop 190 can be positioned on one side of the colon C such that, when the anvil 130 is closed, the colon C can be entirely trapped within the stapling system 100.

As also illustrated in FIG. 9, a surgical stapling system 200 can be attached to a surgical instrument 201 and inserted laparoscopically into the patient. The anvil 130 can be opened such that the anvil 130 and the staple cartridge 240 of the stapling system 200 are positioned relative to the patient's colon C. When the anvil 130 is moved into a closed position, the anvil 130 can clamp the colon C against the staple cartridge 240. In various instances, the tissue stop 190 can be positioned on one side of the colon C such that, when the anvil 130 is closed, the colon C can be entirely trapped within the stapling system 200. At such point, a section C′ of the colon C can be intermediate the clamped first stapling system 100 and the clamped second stapling system 200.

Turning now to FIG. 10, the first stapling system 100 can be operated to completely transect and staple the colon C at a first, or upper, location. Three rows 184 of the staples 185 are implanted on the upper side of the transection and three rows of the staples 185 are implanted in the colon section C′. The second stapling system 200 can be operated to completely transect and staple the colon C at a second, or lower, location. Three rows of staples, i.e., a first row 284 a, a second row 285 b, and a third row 285 c, are implanted on the lower side of the transection and three rows of staples, i.e., a first row 284 a, a second row 285 b, and a third row 285 c, are implanted in the colon section C′. Once the colon has been transected and stapled at the upper location and the lower location, the colon section C′ can be removed from the patient, as illustrated in FIG. 10.

Referring again to FIG. 10, a surgical stapling system 300 can be utilized to reconnect the upper portion and the lower portion of the colon C. A staple cartridge portion 340 of the stapling system 300 is inserted into the rectum R of the patient into the lower portion of the colon C. A connecting rod 310 extending from the stapling system 300 is then inserted through the staple line 284 c and the interruptions in the staples 284 a and 284 b. An anvil portion 330 of the stapling system 300 is positioned in the upper portion of the colon C. In various instances, the sidewall of the upper portion of the colon C can be incised and the anvil portion 330 can then be positioned inside the upper portion. A connection portion 331 of the anvil 330 can positioned such that it protrudes through the sidewall of the upper colon portion and can be connected to the connecting rod 310 of the staple cartridge portion 340. Referring now to FIG. 11, the connecting rod 310 can be retracted to pull the anvil portion 330 toward the staple cartridge portion 340 and the upper colon portion toward the lower colon portion. The anvil portion 330 can be retracted until the tissue of the upper colon portion and the lower colon portion are compressed against the staple cartridge 340.

The stapling assembly 300 comprises a circular stapling assembly. A circular stapling assembly can form one or more circular rings of staples in the tissue captured between the anvil portion 330 and the staple cartridge portion 340. The staple cartridge 340 comprises a plurality of staples 385 removably stored therein which are pushed toward the anvil 330 by staple pushers 380. The pushers 380 are pushed toward the anvil portion 330 by a firing member movably positioned in a shaft 320 of the stapling assembly 300. The firing member also pushes a circular knife 363 toward the anvil portion 330 to transect the tissue positioned radially inwardly with respect to the staple lines created by the staple cartridge portion 340. After the staples 385 have been fired and the tissue has been transected, the anvil portion 330 is disconnected from the connecting rod 310. The cartridge portion 340 of the stapling assembly 300 is then withdrawn from the patient's rectum. The anvil portion 330 is removed from the patient's colon and the incision used to insert the anvil portion 330 into the colon is closed via suturing, for example. The transected tissue, discussed above, often takes the shape of an annular ring which passes naturally through the patient's GI tract. The disclosure of U.S. Pat. No. 8,360,297, entitled SURGICAL CUTTING AND STAPLING INSTRUMENT WITH SELF ADJUSTING ANVIL, which issued on Jan. 29, 2013, is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

As illustrated in FIG. 11, the staples 385 can be deployed into the colon such that the third staples 285 c are positioned within the ring, or rings, of staples 385. In certain circumstances, the ring of staples 385 may overlap with some of the third staples 285 c. In various instances, the knife 263 may transect the tissue such that the third staples 285 c are positioned in the transected ring of tissue. In such instances, all of the third staples 285 c can be removed with the transected tissue. In some circumstances, the knife 263 may transect a third staple 285 c and, as a result, a portion of a third staple 285 c can be left in the remaining colon tissue.

At the end of the surgical technique, referring primarily to FIG. 12, the upper colon portion and the lower colon portion can be held together by the staples 385 deployed by the third stapling assembly 300. The lower colon portion can remain at least partially sealed by the first staples 285 a and/or the second staples 285 b. In various instances, some of the first staples 285 a and/or the second staples 285 can be removed with the transected ring of tissue. In some instances, the staples 385 can overlap with the first staples 285 a and the second staples 285 b.

Referring again to FIG. 9, the surgical instrument 101 comprises an articulation joint 150 about which the stapling assembly 100 can be articulated. The stapling assembly 100 is articulatable about the articulation axis 151 (FIG. 1) which is perpendicular to the rotation axis 131 (FIG. 1) about which the anvil 130 is rotated. Similarly, the surgical instrument 201 comprises an articulation joint 250 about which the stapling assembly 200 can be articulated. Also, similarly, the stapling assembly 200 is articulatable about an articulation axis which is perpendicular to the rotation axis 131 about which the anvil 130 is rotated. The disclosure of U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0168435, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT WITH AN ARTICULATABLE END EFFECTOR, which published on Jul. 4, 2013, is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

As discussed above, referring again to FIG. 2, the sled 170 is advanced distally by a firing member 160 which is pushed distally by a surgical instrument. In certain other embodiments, referring now to FIG. 13, a sled 170′ can be pushed distally by a rotatable firing member 360. The sled 170′ includes a threaded aperture 361 which is threadably engaged with a thread 362 defined on the outside surface of the rotatable firing member 360. The sled 170′ is constrained from rotating relative to the staple cartridge and, as a result, the rotation of the firing member 360 displaces the sled 170′ proximally or distally, depending on the direction in which the firing member 360 is rotated. The sled 170′ can comprise a nut which is displaced longitudinally by a screw portion of the firing member 360. The disclosure of U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0175950, entitled DISPOSABLE STAPLE CARTRIDGE HAVING AN ANVIL WITH TISSUE LOCATOR FOR USE WITH A SURGICAL CUTTING AND FASTENING INSTRUMENT AND MODULAR END EFFECTOR SYSTEM THEREFOR, which published on Aug. 2, 2007, is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

The embodiment disclosed in FIG. 13 can be utilized in embodiments with articulation joints and without articulation joints. In embodiments with articulation joints, for example the firing member 360 can include a first rotatable shaft portion positioned proximally with respect to the articulation joint and a second rotatable shaft portion positioned distally with respect to the articulation joint. The first rotatable shaft portion can comprise a first gear, such as a bevel gear, for example, which is engaged with a second gear, such as a bevel gear, for example, to transmit the rotational motion therebetween. The first gear and the second gear can remain operably intermeshed throughout an articulation range of the surgical stapling system. In at least one instance, the articulation joint comprises an articulation axis which is parallel to the rotation axis 131 about which the anvil 130 is rotated, for example. In certain instances, the articulation joint can comprise an articulation axis which is not perpendicular to the rotation axis 131, for example. In such instances, the surgical stapling system can be maneuvered into positions that may not be reachable utilizing the articulation joint 150 and/or the articulation joint 250. In at least one instance, a surgical stapling system can be rotated into a ninety degree angle with respect to a shaft of a surgical stapling instrument, for example. In such instances, the second rotatable shaft can be orthogonal to the first rotatable shaft.

Various stapling devices and techniques for removing a diseased portion of a patient's gastrointestinal tract and reconnecting, or stapling, the remaining portions thereof is disclosed above. Certain stapling devices disclosed herein may be utilized to treat a fistula that has developed in a patient's gastrointestinal tract, for example. A fistula is a narrow passage that can form in a patient's colon, for example, which permits waste to exit the gastrointestinal tract into the patient's body. The fistula can be treated by filling and/or sealing the passage. The passage can be filled with fibrin, thrombin, a fibrin/thrombin mix, autologous tissue fragments, and/or cyanoacrylate, for example. A surgical stapling system 400 for sealing a fistula is disclosed in FIGS. 14 and 15. The surgical stapling system 400 comprises a staple cartridge 440 and an anvil. Similar to the above, the staple cartridge 440 comprises a longitudinal slot 443 configured to receive a firing member therein. The staple cartridge 440 can also comprise a plurality of staple cavities 445 configured to removably store a plurality of staples therein. The staple cavities 445 are arranged in a plurality of rows on one side of the longitudinal slot 443. The staple cavities 445 are arranged in three longitudinal rows; however, any suitable number of rows can be utilized. Similar to the above, the staples are ejected from the staple cavities 445 when a sled is advanced distally by the firing member to move the staples toward the anvil. Also, the firing member can comprise a knife configured to incise the tissue at the same time that the tissue is being stapled.

Referring again to FIG. 14, neither staple cavities nor staples are positioned on the opposite side of the longitudinal slot 443. Rather, the opposite side of the staple cartridge 440 includes a channel 448 extending longitudinally alongside the longitudinal slot 443. The channel 448 comprises a proximal opening defined in the proximal end of the staple cartridge 440 and a distal opening 447 defined in a deck surface 449 of the staple cartridge 440. Means for grasping tissue can be movably positioned within the channel 448. The means for grasping tissue can comprise a suction tube 490, for example, which is slidably positioned in the channel 448. The suction tube 490 can be pushed distally until a distal end 491 of the suction tube 490 is brought into contact with the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. The suction tube 490 can apply a vacuum pressure to the tissue and apply a grasping force thereto. When the suction tube 490 is retracted into the channel 448, the suction tube 490 can pull the tissue over the staple cavities 445 of the staple cartridge 440. In certain instances, the means for grasping the tissue can comprise a rotatable screw 492 which is inserted into the tissue, for example. When the suction tube 490 is retracted, in such instances, the suction tube 490 can pull the tissue over the staple cartridge 440. In some instances, the suction tube 490 can pull at least a portion of the tissue into the channel 448 when the suction tube 490 is retracted into the channel 448, as illustrated in FIG. 15.

Further to the above, the deck 449 of the staple cartridge 440 comprises staple cavities 445 defined in a first side of the deck 449 and a flat, or an at least substantially flat, surface defined on a second side of the deck 449. The flat surface on the second side of the deck 449 can comprise a solid, or an at least substantially solid, surface; however, as discussed above, the second side of the deck 449 comprises an aperture 447 defined therein. In various other embodiments, the second side of the deck 449 can comprise a channel comprising an open upper side configured to slidably receive a grasping instrument therein. In any event, the grasping instrument can be extended to grab the tissue and then retracted to pull the tissue over the deck 449. Specifically, the tissue T comprising the fistula F can be pulled over the staple cavities 445 and the longitudinal slot 443. The deck 449 can support the tissue as the anvil is moved from an open position to a closed position to clamp the tissue against the staple cartridge 440. Once the tissue has been clamped, the tissue T comprising the fistula F can be stapled by the staples ejected from the cavities 445 and incised by a cutting portion of the firing member passing through the longitudinal slot 443. The staples can seal the fistula F. The tissue positioned over the second side of the deck 449 will not be stapled and it will be transected from the stapled tissue. Once the fistula F has been sealed, the anvil can be re-opened and the tissue T can be released. In some instances, the grasping member and/or the anvil can be re-clamped to grasp the transected tissue and remove it from the patient as the stapling assembly 400 is removed from the patient.

The stapling assembly 400 can be inserted into the patient in any suitable manner. For instance, the stapling assembly 400 can be attached to a surgical instrument and then inserted laparoscopically through a trocar into the patient, for example. In other instances, the stapling assembly 400 can be inserted trans-anally into a patient, for example.

The stapling assembly 400 comprises a linear staple cartridge 440. The staple cavities 445 are arranged along linear longitudinal rows and the longitudinal slot 443 is also linear as well. Other embodiments are envisioned in which the stapling assembly 400 is curved and the staple cavities 445 are arranged along curved rows. The slot 443 may also be curved as well. The disclosure of U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0169332, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING DEVICE WITH A CURVED CUTTING MEMBER, which was filed on Jan. 11, 2007, is incorporated by reference in its entirety. The disclosure of U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0243865, entitled INTERCHANGEABLE TOOLS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, which was filed on May 7, 2014, is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

The entire disclosures of:

U.S. Pat. No. 5,403,312, entitled ELECTROSURGICAL HEMOSTATIC DEVICE, which issued on Apr. 4, 1995;

U.S. Pat. No. 7,000,818, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT HAVING SEPARATE DISTINCT CLOSING AND FIRING SYSTEMS, which issued on Feb. 21, 2006;

U.S. Pat. No. 7,422,139, entitled MOTOR-DRIVEN SURGICAL CUTTING AND FASTENING INSTRUMENT WITH TACTILE POSITION FEEDBACK, which issued on Sep. 9, 2008;

U.S. Pat. No. 7,464,849, entitled ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH CLOSURE SYSTEM AND ANVIL ALIGNMENT COMPONENTS, which issued on Dec. 16, 2008;

U.S. Pat. No. 7,670,334, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT HAVING AN ARTICULATING END EFFECTOR, which issued on Mar. 2, 2010;

U.S. Pat. No. 7,753,245, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS, which issued on Jul. 13, 2010;

U.S. Pat. No. 8,393,514, entitled SELECTIVELY ORIENTABLE IMPLANTABLE FASTENER CARTRIDGE, which issued on Mar. 12, 2013;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/343,803, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT HAVING RECORDING CAPABILITIES; now U.S. Pat. No. 7,845,537;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/031,573, entitled SURGICAL CUTTING AND FASTENING INSTRUMENT HAVING RF ELECTRODES, filed Feb. 14, 2008;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/031,873, entitled END EFFECTORS FOR A SURGICAL CUTTING AND STAPLING INSTRUMENT, filed Feb. 15, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,980,443;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/235,782, entitled MOTOR-DRIVEN SURGICAL CUTTING INSTRUMENT, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,210,411;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/249,117, entitled POWERED SURGICAL CUTTING AND STAPLING APPARATUS WITH MANUALLY RETRACTABLE FIRING SYSTEM, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,608,045;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/647,100, entitled MOTOR-DRIVEN SURGICAL CUTTING INSTRUMENT WITH ELECTRIC ACTUATOR DIRECTIONAL CONTROL ASSEMBLY, filed Dec. 24, 2009; now U.S. Pat. No. 8,220,688;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/893,461, entitled STAPLE CARTRIDGE, filed Sep. 29, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,733,613;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/036,647, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT, filed Feb. 28, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,561,870;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/118,241, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATABLE STAPLE DEPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0298719;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/524,049, entitled ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A FIRING DRIVE, filed on Jun. 15, 2012; now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0334278;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/800,025, entitled STAPLE CARTRIDGE TISSUE THICKNESS SENSOR SYSTEM, filed on Mar. 13, 2013;

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/800,067, entitled STAPLE CARTRIDGE TISSUE THICKNESS SENSOR SYSTEM, filed on Mar. 13, 2013;

U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2007/0175955, entitled SURGICAL CUTTING AND FASTENING INSTRUMENT WITH CLOSURE TRIGGER LOCKING MECHANISM, filed Jan. 31, 2006; and

U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0264194, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT WITH AN ARTICULATABLE END EFFECTOR, filed Apr. 22, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,308,040, are hereby incorporated by reference herein.

Although the various embodiments of the devices have been described herein in connection with certain disclosed embodiments, many modifications and variations to those embodiments may be implemented. Also, where materials are disclosed for certain components, other materials may be used. Furthermore, according to various embodiments, a single component may be replaced by multiple components, and multiple components may be replaced by a single component, to perform a given function or functions. The foregoing description and following claims are intended to cover all such modification and variations.

The devices disclosed herein can be designed to be disposed of after a single use, or they can be designed to be used multiple times. In either case, however, the device can be reconditioned for reuse after at least one use. Reconditioning can include any combination of the steps of disassembly of the device, followed by cleaning or replacement of particular pieces, and subsequent reassembly. In particular, the device can be disassembled, and any number of the particular pieces or parts of the device can be selectively replaced or removed in any combination. Upon cleaning and/or replacement of particular parts, the device can be reassembled for subsequent use either at a reconditioning facility, or by a surgical team immediately prior to a surgical procedure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that reconditioning of a device can utilize a variety of techniques for disassembly, cleaning/replacement, and reassembly. Use of such techniques, and the resulting reconditioned device, are all within the scope of the present application.

Preferably, the invention described herein will be processed before surgery. First, a new or used instrument is obtained and if necessary cleaned. The instrument can then be sterilized. In one sterilization technique, the instrument is placed in a closed and sealed container, such as a plastic or TYVEK bag. The container and instrument are then placed in a field of radiation that can penetrate the container, such as gamma radiation, x-rays, or high-energy electrons. The radiation kills bacteria on the instrument and in the container. The sterilized instrument can then be stored in the sterile container. The sealed container keeps the instrument sterile until it is opened in the medical facility.

While this invention has been described as having exemplary designs, the present invention may be further modified within the spirit and scope of the disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains.

Any patent, publication, or other disclosure material, in whole or in part, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein is incorporated herein only to the extent that the incorporated materials does not conflict with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth in this disclosure. As such, and to the extent necessary, the disclosure as explicitly set forth herein supersedes any conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any material, or portion thereof, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein, but which conflicts with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth herein will only be incorporated to the extent that no conflict arises between that incorporated material and the existing disclosure material. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A surgical stapling apparatus, comprising: a cartridge body, comprising: a proximal end; a distal end; a deck comprising a tissue-supporting surface; a slot defined in said deck, wherein said slot extends from said proximal end toward said distal end; and a plurality of staple cavities; a plurality of staples removably stored in said staple cavities which are arranged in a staple pattern; and a tissue stop positioned in said slot, wherein said tissue stop extends above said deck, wherein said tissue stop is configured to be displaced into said cartridge body from an undisplaced position to a displaced position, wherein said tissue stop is positioned within said staple pattern, wherein said tissue stop is configured to inhibit the distal flow of tissue relative to said deck when said tissue stop is positioned in said undisplaced position, wherein said tissue stop comprises a detent releasably engaged with said cartridge body, and wherein said detent is configured to release from said cartridge body to permit said tissue stop to move from said undisplaced position to said displaced position.
 2. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a cutting member movably positioned within said slot during a firing stroke, wherein said cutting member is configured to contact said tissue stop at the end of said firing stroke.
 3. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 2, wherein said tissue stop comprises a catch configured to receive at least a portion of said cutting member at the end of said firing stroke.
 4. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 3, wherein said catch faces said proximal end, and wherein said tissue stop further comprises a sloped surface facing said distal end.
 5. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an anvil configured to deform said staples, wherein said anvil is movable between an open position and a closed position, and wherein said anvil is configured to contact the tissue stop when said anvil reaches said closed position.
 6. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 1, wherein said staple cavities are arranged in a row of staple cavities having a proximal row end and a distal row end, and wherein said tissue stop is positioned proximally with respect to said distal row end.
 7. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 1, wherein said tissue stop is positioned laterally with respect to at least one staple cavity.
 8. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: an anvil configured to deform said staples; and a firing member movable from said proximal end toward said distal end during a firing stroke to eject said staples from said staple cavities, wherein said firing member is configured to engage said anvil and extend over a portion of said tissue stop during said firing stroke.
 9. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a cutting member movably positioned within said slot during a firing stroke, wherein said cutting member is configured to contact said tissue stop before the end of said firing stroke.
 10. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: an anvil configured to deform said staples, wherein said anvil is movable relative to said cartridge body between an open position and a clamped position during a closure stroke, and wherein said tissue stop is in said undisplaced position during said closure stroke; and a firing member movable from said proximal end toward said distal end during a firing stroke to eject said staples from said staple cavities, wherein said tissue stop moves into said displaced position during said firing stroke.
 11. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a firing member movable from said proximal end toward said distal end during a firing stroke to eject said staples from said staple cavities, wherein said tissue stop moves into said displaced position during said firing stroke.
 12. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 11, wherein said tissue stop moves into said displaced position at the beginning of said firing stroke.
 13. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 11, wherein said tissue stop moves into said displaced position at the end of said firing stroke.
 14. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 11, wherein said tissue stop moves into said displaced position as a result of a maximum compressive force being applied to said tissue stop.
 15. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an anvil configured to deform said staples, wherein said detent releases from said cartridge body when said anvil applies a compressive force to said tissue stop that exceeds a threshold.
 16. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 1, wherein said tissue stop is positioned fully below said tissue-supporting surface when said tissue stop is in said displaced position.
 17. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 1, wherein said tissue stop is partially positioned above said tissue-supporting surface when said tissue stop is in said displaced position and can still inhibit the distal flow of tissue relative to said deck.
 18. The surgical stapling apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a firing member movable from said proximal end toward said distal end during a firing stroke to eject said staples from said staple cavities, wherein said tissue stop suddenly descends to said displaced position as said firing member approaches said tissue stop.
 19. A surgical stapling apparatus, comprising: a cartridge body, comprising: a deck comprising a tissue-supporting surface; a slot defined in said deck, wherein said slot extends from a proximal end toward a distal end; and a plurality of staple cavities; a plurality of staples removably stored in said staple cavities; and a tissue stop positioned in said slot, wherein said tissue stop comprises a detent releasably engaged with said cartridge body, and wherein said detent is configured to release from said cartridge body to permit said tissue stop to move from an undisplaced position to a displaced position.
 20. A surgical stapling apparatus, comprising: a cartridge body, comprising: a deck comprising a tissue-supporting surface; a slot defined in said deck, wherein said slot extends from a proximal end toward a distal end; and a plurality of staple cavities; a plurality of staples removably stored in said staple cavities; and a tissue stop positioned in said slot, wherein said tissue stop comprises a catch releasably engaged with said cartridge body, and wherein said catch is configured to release from said cartridge body to permit said tissue stop to recede from an undisplaced position.
 21. A surgical stapling apparatus, comprising: a cartridge body, comprising: a deck comprising a tissue-supporting surface; a slot defined in said deck, wherein said slot extends from a proximal end toward a distal end; and a plurality of staple cavities; a plurality of staples removably stored in said staple cavities; a firing member movable from said proximal end toward said distal end during a firing stroke to eject said staples from said staple cavities; and a tissue stop positioned in said slot, wherein said tissue stop comprises a detent releasably engaged with said cartridge body, and wherein said tissue stop suddenly descends to a displaced position as said firing member approaches said tissue stop. 